生产运作管理是对生产运作系统的设计，运行与维护过程的管理，它包括对生产运作活动进行计划，组织和控制。传统生产管理主要是以工业企业，特别是制造业为研究对象，其注目点主要是一个生产系统内部的计划和控制，一般称为狭义的生产管理学，其内容主要是关于生产的日程管理和在制品管理。当前生产运作管理学内涵和外延大大扩展了，它将凡是有投入—转换—产出的组织的活动都纳入其研究范围，不仅包括工业制造企业、而且包括了服务业、社会公益组织及市政府机构，特别是随着国民经济中第三产业所占比重越来越大，对其运作的服务管理日益重要，也成为运作管理研究的重要内容。不仅如此，现代生产与运作管理内涵范围不仅局限于生产过程的计划、组织与控制，而且还包括运作战略的制定、运作系统设计、运作系统运行等多个层次的内容。
Production and operations management is the management of the design, operation, and maintenance process of production operation systems, which includes planning, organizing, and controlling production operation activities. Traditional production management mainly focuses on industrial enterprises, especially on manufacturing, with a focus on internal planning and control within a production system. It is generally referred to as narrow production management, and its content mainly involves schedule management and work in progress management. The connotation and extension of current production and operations management have greatly expanded. It includes the activities of all organizations with input conversion output in its research scope, including not only industrial manufacturing enterprises, but also service industries, social welfare organizations, and municipal government institutions. Especially with the increasing proportion of the tertiary industry in the national economy, service management for its operation is becoming increasingly important and has become an important content of operation management research. Moreover, the scope of modern production and operation management is not limited to the planning, organization, and control of the production process, but also includes the formulation of operational strategies, design of operational systems, and operation of operational systems at multiple levels. |
